This paper reviews the various options for automating a distribution system utilizing a range of techniques and algorithm locations with a comparison of the various levels and a discussion of the advantages/disadvantages.
Operators must have a relay lifecycle strategy to ensure device health and power system reliability. If you have an earlier generation UR, this paper guides you through a strategy and demonstrates how the UR minimizes typical device upgrade costs.
Today’s engineers need transformer monitoring solutions that provide clear, actionable intelligence through electrical, chemical and thermal data. Unifying this data, the Multilin 845 provides a holistic view of transformer health.
This paper describes basic digital radio technology and shows possible applications for distribution protection. As with other pieces of the protection system, it is important to understand the reliability and performance of digital radio.
This paper describes some of the critical engineering, design, and applications of the latest technology for the implementation of System Integrity Protection Schemes (SIPS).
To make the smart grid a reality, utilities need to leverage intelligence for smarter, faster decision making. So how do you collect, organize, distribute, integrate, secure and interpret the vast sea of information in today’s grid environment?
This paper reviews cyber-security requirements for a process bus-based protection and control system, using NERC CIP as a reference. General attributes and functional requirements for a process bus network are described.