With the increasing loads, voltages and short-circuit duty of feeders, distribution overcurrent protection has become even more important today. This publication reviews present distribution practices, particularly with regard to relaying.

This paper discusses an approach to substation automation that incorporates distribution automation, demand response and advanced metering infrastructures.

This paper discusses the fundamental features of the three types of distance functions and possible problems that may be encountered in their design and application.

This paper presents the operational experience of half-cycle events at a large urban utility, and details a simple and robust method for detecting incipient faults in cable and combined overhead and cable feeders.