This paper discusses the models developed to calculate improvements in customer outage minutes for various levels of Distribution Automation, the latter being a cornerstone for Smart Grid development.
This paper reviews the various options for automating a distribution system utilizing a range of techniques and algorithm locations with a comparison of the various levels and a discussion of the advantages/disadvantages.
This paper provides practical solutions for ground directional overcurrent, distance and differential functions.
This paper provides practical solutions for ground directional overcurrent, distance and differential functions.
Explore requirements for the line current differential function (87L) with regards to the tolerance to CT saturation. Typically, requirements provided by the manufacturers or standards are to eliminate CT saturation completely by proper sizing of CTs
Explore requirements for the line current differential function (87L) with regards to the tolerance to CT saturation. Typically, requirements provided by the manufacturers or standards are to eliminate CT saturation completely by proper sizing of CTs
Explore requirements for the line current differential function (87L) with regards to the tolerance to CT saturation. Typically, requirements provided by the manufacturers or standards are to eliminate CT saturation completely by proper sizing of CTs